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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltam | om kə̑č́kalt |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltat | ot kə̑č́kalt |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kalteš | ok/ogeš kə̑č́kalt |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kə̑č́kalt |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kə̑č́kalt |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑t | ogə̑t kə̑č́kalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑m | šə̑m kə̑č́kalt |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑č́kalt |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kalte | ə̑š kə̑č́kalt |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltna | ə̑šna kə̑č́kalt |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltda | ə̑šda kə̑č́kalt |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑č́ | ə̑št kə̑č́kalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nam | kə̑č́kaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nat | kə̑č́kaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑n | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nna | kə̑č́kaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nda | kə̑č́kaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nə̑t | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltam ə̑l'e | om kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltat ə̑l'e | ot kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltam ulmaš | om kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltat ulmaš | ot kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nam ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nat ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nna ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nda ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kə̑č́kaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kalt | it kə̑č́kalt |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltše | ə̑nže kə̑č́kalt |
| 1PL: | (kə̑č́kaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑č́kalt) |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltsa | ida kə̑č́kalt |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑č́kalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltnem | ə̑nem kə̑č́kalt |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltnet | ə̑net kə̑č́kalt |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltneže | ə̑než kə̑č́kalt |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltnena | ə̑nena kə̑č́kalt |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltneda | ə̑neda kə̑č́kalt |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltnešt | ə̑nešt kə̑č́kalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑č́kaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑č́kaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑č́kalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑č́kaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑č́kaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑č́kaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑č́kaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑č́kalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑č́kaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑č́kaltman |
| Active participle: | kə̑č́kaltše |
| Passive participle: | kə̑č́kaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑č́kaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑č́kaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑č́kaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑č́kaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑č́kaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑č́kaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑č́kaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑č́kaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑č́kaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||